Organism
It is the assembly substrate of various engine components. It includes the cylinder head, cylinder block, and lower crankcase (oil pan). The inner walls of the cylinder head and cylinder block together form a part of the combustion chamber. Many parts of the body are components of other systems.
Crank connecting rod mechanism
It is the mechanism through which the engine generates and transmits power, transforming the linear reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotational motion of the crankshaft and outputting power. It includes piston, piston pin, connecting rod, crankshaft with flywheel, cylinder block, etc.
Valve distribution mechanism
Including intake valves, exhaust valves, valve tappets and camshafts, as well as camshaft timing gears (driven by crankshaft timing gears), etc. Its function is to timely charge the combustible mixture into the cylinder and exhaust the exhaust gas from the cylinder.
Fuel supply system
The fuel supply system for gasoline engines includes a gasoline tank, gasoline pump, gasoline filter, air filter, carburetor, intake pipe, exhaust pipe, exhaust muffler, etc. Its function is to mix gasoline and air into a suitable combustible mixture and supply it to the cylinder for combustion, and to exhaust the exhaust gas generated by combustion from the engine.
Cooling system
Mainly including water pump, radiator, fan, water distribution pipe, cylinder block, and water jacket in cylinder head. Its function is to dissipate the heat from high heat components into the atmosphere to ensure the normal operation of the engine.
Lubrication system
Including oil pump, pressure limiting valve, lubricating oil passage, filter collector, oil filter, and oil radiator. Its function is to supply lubricating oil to the friction parts to reduce the frictional resistance between them, reduce the wear of the parts, and partially cool the friction parts and clean the friction surface.
Starting system
Including the starting mechanism of the engine and its auxiliary devices.
Note: This article mainly discusses common piston-type car engines, rather than model engines, which have many simplifications in structure compared to car engines.
